# Update stored credentials

You can maintain your stored cards and payment instruments updated using any of the following account updater services:

- Real-Time Account Updater – Update your card details and instruments stored in Vault either during authorization (Visa and Mastercard), or automatically as they are updated (Mastercard).
- Batch Account Updater – Update your card details manually, by uploading a batch file to an SFTP server (American Express, Mastercard, and Visa).

## Card information updates

Card information updates can result from:

- Account closures
- Expiry date changes
- Cards being replaced that are reported as lost, stolen, or expired

During card information updates, one of the following combinations is possible:

- The card number changes, and the expiry date stays the same.
- The card number stays the same, and the expiry date changes.
- Both the card number and the expiry date change.

Alternatively, the account may be closed, meaning the account number and expiry date are no longer valid.

### Issuer portfolio conversions

An issuer portfolio conversion, also known as a brand flip, happens when a bank moves its entire cardholder base from one payment network to another. For example, a bank might convert its Mastercard portfolio to Discover, or to Visa.

Mastercard Store & Update and the Standalone Account Updater support portfolio conversions and update stored card details automatically. For example, they can update a Mastercard card to a Discover card.

Mastercard Store & Update reports a Mastercard to Visa portfolio conversion as `card_closed`. It does not support Visa to Mastercard portfolio conversions.

Visa Real-Time Account Updater and Mastercard Update & Retry do not support issuer portfolio conversions.

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## Related topics

- [Real-Time Account Updater](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/store-and-manage-credentials/update-stored-credentials/real-time-account-updater.md): Automatically update payment card details when they change, using the Real-Time Account Updater.
- [Batch Account Updater](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/store-and-manage-credentials/update-stored-credentials/batch-account-updater.md): Upload a batch file to manually update your card details in bulk.
- [Standalone account updater](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/store-and-manage-credentials/update-stored-credentials/standalone-account-updater.md): Request updates for card details on demand, independent of payment authorization transactions.