# Disputes testing

You can simulate disputes (also called chargebacks) in the Checkout.com testing environment.
You can test [how a dispute goes through a production lifecycle](https://www.checkout.com/docs/business-operations/manage-disputes/how-disputes-work.md) using:
- The [Disputes API](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/process-disputes/disputes-api.md)
- The [Dashboard](https://www.checkout.com/docs/business-operations/use-the-dashboard/disputes.md)

---

## How it works

1. Request a payment using information from a [test dispute scenario](#Dispute_test_scenarios).
2. Checkout.com [authorizes](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/request-a-payment.md#Response_example) and then [captures](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/manage-payments/capture-a-payment.md) the test payment within five minutes.
By default, payments are auto-captured, but if this fails, you can manually capture the payment.
3. Checkout.com creates a test dispute based on the specified scenario.

> **Note**
>
> If you do not use a test scenario, the test dispute is not created.

---

## Create a test dispute

You can create a test dispute using the API or the Dashboard.

### Create a test dispute in the Dashboard

1. Sign in to the sandbox [Dashboard](https://dashboard.sandbox.checkout.com).
2. Go to _Payments_ > _Processing_ > _Virtual terminal_.
3. If prompted, select a [processing channel](https://www.checkout.com/docs/business-operations/use-the-dashboard/manage-processing-channels.md).
4. Create a payment by entering a valid [test card number](https://www.checkout.com/docs/testing/test-cards.md), with the amount and card expiry date from a test scenario.
5. Select _Confirm payment_.
6. Go to _Payments_ > _Processing_ > _All Payments_. <br>When the payment has been captured after approximately one minute, it is displayed on this page.
7. Go to _Payments_ > _Processing_ > _Disputes_ to view the generated test dispute.

### Create a test dispute using the API

1. Call the [Request a payment or payout](https://api-reference.checkout.com/tag/Payments/#operation/requestAPaymentOrPayout) endpoint using the details of a test scenario.

> **Note**
>
> Provide the `amount` in the [major currency unit](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/format-the-amount-value.md).
> You cannot test disputes with currencies that use the [full amount](https://www.checkout.com/docs/payments/accept-payments/format-the-amount-value.md#The_full_amount).

**Sandbox**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/payments`

### Request examples

**GBP**

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "card",
    "number": "4242424242424242",
    "expiry_month": 1,
    "expiry_year": 2099,
    "name": "John Smith",
    "cvv": "100"
  },
  "amount": 1040,
  "currency": "GBP",
  "reference": "Testing disputes for Visa"
}
```

**BHD**

```json
{
  "source": {
    "type": "card",
    "number": "4242424242424242",
    "expiry_month": 1,
    "expiry_year": 2099,
    "name": "John Smith",
    "cvv": "100"
  },
  "amount": 10400,
  "currency": "BHD",
  "reference": "Testing disputes for Visa"
}
```

2. Wait a few minutes, and then call the [Get disputes](https://api-reference.checkout.com/tag/Issuing-disputes/#operation/getDisputes) endpoint to retrieve a list of disputes.

**Sandbox**

`POST` `https://{prefix}.api.sandbox.checkout.com/disputes`

### Response example

```json
{
  "limit": 10,
  "skip": 10,
  "from": "2018-08-12T01:15:56Z",
  "to": "2018-08-13T11:09:01Z",
  "id": "dsp_rbhwd2qrg13uhrp2newfcd",
  "entity_ids": "ent_wxglze3wwywujg4nna5fb7ldli,ent_vkb5zcy64zoe3cwfmaqvqyqyku",
  "sub_entity_ids": "ent_uzm3uxtssvmuxnyrfdffcyjxeu,ent_hy5wtzwzeuwefmsnjtdhw4scfi",
  "processing_channel_ids": "pc_uzm3uxtssvmuxnyrfdffcyjxeu,pc_hy5wtzwzeuwefmsnjtdhw4scfi",
  "segment_ids": "string",
  "statuses": "evidence_required,evidence_under_review",
  "payment_id": "pay_lzmo6p0i3612judj754w1ngtil",
  "payment_reference": "th7zxa1kcnqmes8",
  "payment_arn": "74548998294293193445538",
  "payment_mcc": "5021",
  "this_channel_only": true,
  "total_count": 1,
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "dsp_rbhwd2qrg13uhrp2newfafreds",
      "entity_id": "ent_wxglze3wwywujg4nna5fb7ldli",
      "sub_entity_id": "ent_uzm3uxtssvmuxnyrfdffcyjxeu",
      "processing_channel": "pc_uzm3uxtssvmuxnyrfdffcyjxeu",
      "segment_id": "string",
      "category": "fraudulent",
      "status": "evidence_required",
      "amount": 999,
      "currency": "GBP",
      "reason_code": "10.4",
      "payment_id": "pay_88cb4e671m1da22e9bbbyx",
      "payment_action_id": "act_mbabizu24mvu3mela5njyhpit4",
      "payment_reference": "th7zxa1kcnqmes8",
      "payment_arn": "74548998294293193445538",
      "payment_mcc": "5021",
      "payment_method": "VISA",
      "evidence_required_by": "2018-08-22T00:00:00Z",
      "received_on": "2018-08-01T01:15:56Z",
      "last_update": "2018-08-12T04:15:56Z",
      "resolved_reason": "already_refunded",
      "is_ce_candidate": true,
      "_links": {
        "self": {
          "href": "https://{prefix}.api.checkout.com/disputes/dsp_rbhwd2qrg13uhrp2newf"
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

---

## Dispute test scenarios

Use one of the following scenarios to create a test dispute.
Each scenario triggers a specific dispute status and chargeback code.

> **Note**
>
> The payment amount differs depending on whether you test using the Dashboard or the API.

### Resolved – Refund already processed

You have already refunded the customer. Checkout.com automatically submitted evidence on your behalf and the dispute is resolved.

- Dispute status – `resolved`
- Chargeback code – `AUTO`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.42, 1.042, 1042<br>- API – 1042 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.12, 1.312, 1312<br>- API – 1312 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.57, 4.857, 4857<br>- API – 4857 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.61, 4.861, 4861<br>- API – 4861 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.18, 4.518, 4518<br>- API – 4518 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.42, 4.542, 4542<br>- API – 4542 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Resolved – Outside of dispute process

The dispute is resolved by the merchant or scheme outside of the formal dispute process.

- Dispute status – `resolved`
- Chargeback code – `ARWS`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.5, 0.105, 105<br>- API – 1050 | 10.5 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.11, 1.311, 1311<br>- API – 1311 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.37, 4.837, 4837<br>- API – 4837 | 4835 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.56, 4.856, 4856<br>- API – 4856 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.17, 4.517, 4517<br>- API – 4517 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.41, 4.541, 4541<br>- API – 4541 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Evidence required

You must submit evidence to defend against the dispute.

- Dispute status – `evidence_required`
- Chargeback code – `ADJM`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.4, 0.104, 104<br>- API – 1040 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.1, 0.131, 131<br>- API – 1310 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.55, 4.855, 4855<br>- API – 4855 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.6, 0.486, 486<br>- API – 4860 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.16, 4.516, 4516<br>- API – 4516 | 4516 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.4, 0.454, 454<br>- API – 45.40 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Canceled

The issuer canceled the dispute.

- Dispute status – `canceled`
- Chargeback code – `CBRV`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.43, 1.043, 1043<br>- API – 1043 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.13, 1.313, 1313<br>- API – 1313 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.58, 4.858, 4858<br>- API – 4858 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.62, 4.862, 4862<br>- API – 4862 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.19, 4.519, 4519<br>- API – 4519 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.43, 4.543, 4543<br>- API – 45.43 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Evidence under review

You submitted evidence and the issuer is reviewing it.

- Dispute status – `evidence_under_review`
- Chargeback code – `RPDR`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.14, 1.314, 1314<br>- API – 1314 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.44, 1.044, 1044<br>- API – 1044 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.59, 4.859, 4859<br>- API – 4859 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.63, 4.863, 4863<br>- API – 4863 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.1, 0.451, 451<br>- API – 4510 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.44, 4.544, 4544<br>- API – 4544 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Won

The issuer accepted your evidence and you won the dispute.

- Dispute status – `won`
- Chargeback code – `RPDW`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.45, 1.045, 1045<br>- API – 1045 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.15, 1.315, 1315<br>- API – 1315 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.5, 0.485, 485<br>- API – 4850 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.64, 4.864, 4864<br>- API – 4864 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.11, 4.511, 4511<br>- API – 4511 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.45, 4.545, 4545<br>- API – 4545 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Lost

The issuer was not satisfied with your evidence and you lost the dispute.

- Dispute status – `lost`
- Chargeback code – `RPDL`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.46, 1.046, 1046<br>- API – 1046 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.16, 1.316, 1316<br>- API – 1316 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.51, 4.851, 4851<br>- API – 4851 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.65, 4.865, 4865<br>- API – 4865 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.12, 4.512, 4512<br>- API – 4512 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.46, 4.546, 4546<br>- API – 4546 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Arbitration under review

You escalated the dispute to arbitration.

- Dispute status – `arbitration_under_review`
- Chargeback code – `ARBR`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.47, 1.047, 1047<br>- API – 1047 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.17, 1.317, 1317<br>- API – 1317 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.52, 4.852, 4852<br>- API – 4852 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.66, 4.866, 4866<br>- API – 4866 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.13, 4.513, 4513<br>- API – 4513 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.47, 4.547, 4547<br>- API – 4547 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Arbitration won

You won the arbitration case.

- Dispute status – `arbitration_won`
- Chargeback code – `ARBW`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.49, 1.049, 1049<br>- API – 1049 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.19, 1.319, 1319<br>- API – 1319 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.54, 4.854, 4854<br>- API – 4854 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.68, 4.868, 4868<br>- API – 4868 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.15, 4.515, 4515<br>- API – 4515 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.49, 4.549, 4549<br>- API – 4549 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |

### Arbitration lost

You lost the arbitration case.

- Dispute status – `arbitration_lost`
- Chargeback code – `ARBL`

| Payment method | Payment amount | Dispute reason code triggered | Dispute code category | Card expiry date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 10.48, 1.048, 1048<br>- API – 1048 | 10.4 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |
| Visa | - Dashboard – 13.18, 1.318, 1318<br>- API – 1318 | 13.1 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.53, 4.853, 4853<br>- API – 4853 | 4855 | Product/service not received | 01/2099 |
| Mastercard | - Dashboard – 48.67, 4.867, 4867<br>- API – 4867 | 4860 | Credit not issued | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.14, 4.514, 4514<br>- API – 4514 | 4517 | Unrecognized | 01/2099 |
| Amex | - Dashboard – 45.48, 4.548, 4548<br>- API – 4548 | 4540 | Fraudulent | 01/2099 |